Mining machine chain bit and holder therefor



Aug. 31, 1943. L FULKE Y 2,328,134

MINING MACHINE CHAIN BIT AND HOLDER THEREFOR Filed Jan. 8, 1941 INVENTOR.

Patented Aa 31, 1943 2,328,134"

MINING MACHINE CHAIN BIT AND HOLDER nE 1 Frank L. Fulkc, Hautc, Ind.

Applic'ationJanuary s, 1941'LSeriai Qs7a5B7 The present invention relates to mining mawise dangerous breaking point, as is described in chine chain bits and holders therefor; and the my co -pending" application, Serial No. 213,423, primary object of theinvention is to provide an filedJune 13, 1938. By extendingthe groove for UNITED STATES PATENT oFncE economical bit, capable of four successive wear wardly and providing the wall at a point sub ing uses, whilean ancillary object of the inven- 5 stantially in advancev ofjthe front wall of the tion is to provide improved means to hold the socket I l, I, avoid weakening theholder in a dinewblt in place on amining machinechainlink. rection in" line with' the travel of the chain,

More particularly, it is an object of the invention through displacement of mass by the bit body toprovide a novel bit and means,- cooperable with at this vital point. The" transverse grooveiwill a mining machine chain link originally con- 10. notbe detrimental in any way if ordinary mine structed for holding a conventional, single-use bits are used withmy chain, and the upstand mine bit, tosecure my new bit in place onsuch ing wall l5 and the abutment block which link selectively in any one of four operating poare preferablyhard surfaced, will tend to resist sitions, [Further objects of the invention will coring. Q I appear as the description proceeds. 1 15 The integral holder unit. I6 is formed to pro- To the accomplishment of the ,above and revide ashank l1 receivablejin the socket lljand lated objects, my invention, maybe embodied a head lfl'projecting outwardly from the block in the forms illustrated in the accompanying I0, but resting on 'theoutermost surface of said drawing, attention being called to the fact, howblock. Lateral arms [9 fitinto the groove l2, and e win isill strative o y, and bottom upon the surfaces [I3 at opposite sides that change may be madein the specific conof the socket H. The forward face of the head structions illustrated and described, so long as I8 is recessed, as at 20, to embrace the bit 23 the scope of the appended claims is not violated. in such a manner as to hold the bit against the Fig.1 is a front elevation of one form of hit wall l5 and retainthesame against removal from embodying myinvention; t the block 10. The shank I]. of the holder I6 is Fig. 2 is aside elevationthereof; retained in position in, the socket II by means Fig.3 is an end elevation thereof; of a set screw 2|, which preferably takes into a ,Fi 4 is v e Similar tOr but showing notch 22 formed in the forward face of the a somewhat different form of bit; shank I1.

, of bit embodying my invention.

,Fig. 5fis a fragmentary side elevation of a min.- 56. Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 to 3, it in machine chain link b oc S owing my i will be seen that my bit, indicated generally by prov holder t 0f the ypeillustrated in the reference numeral 23, comprises a rod or s. 1 to 3; I stem 24 ofuniform cross section and of substan- Fig. 6 is aside elevation of a further form'of tial length, terminating atits opposite ends in bit embodying my invention; 52% cutter heads. The word rod as used inthe Fi is a front elevation of thebit of Fig. 6; present specification and in the claims appended d a l hereto, is intended to imply a longitudinal struc-' Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a still further form ture having it mass symmetrically distributed f f l about its axis in all directions. The upper end In Fi 5 I av s n th out p rti n of the bit 231s angularly fiattened to form surof a mining machine bit block, indicated by the faces 25 and 26 which are allochirally related reference numeral l0, and provided with a socket to th axis of the od 24, and meet in a thin ll of rectangular cross section constructed'and edge 21 perpendicular to the axis of the rod 24.

designed to receive the shank of a conventional, As is qn tmt n Fig 2, th surfaces S le-use mining "mac e b t- A r n s 25 and 26 flare symmetrically from the axis of the groove l2 extends fromside to side of the outer rod toform substantially triangular end cutting most portion of the. block l0, communicating faces 29 and 3| which meet theedgefl, respecwith the socket II, but extending forwardly be tively, in cutting points'28 and 30. 1 yond the front wall of said socket to define a. ta-' At its lower end, the rod is similarly formed ble l4 parallel with the outermost end of the bit 50. with a cutting head. The flattened faces '32 and block, said table beingbounded, atfits forward 33 are allochirally angularly related to the axis edge, by an upstanding plane wall l5. This of the rod 24 and merge in athinedge-M. Said transverse groove is provided inordertoincrease surfaces 32 and '33 flare, as is shown in Fig. 1,

the: lateral strengthof the holder, indicated gensymmetrically from theaxis'of the rod 24 to form ly by the reference numeralilfiwat thi'sothere substantially triangular cutting surfaces 38 and 38 merging with the line 34', respectively, in cutting points 35 and 31. r

The edges 21 and 34 are of equal length, and

It will be seen that the'front face of the holder IS, in thi particular form of my invention,

is socketed to conform to the surface M of the bit, to embrace the rod 24 throughout its length and throughout substantially one-half its periphery, and to overlie substantially one-half of eachofthe surface-13.5 and- Q J. llOfSitiQIliI 1 9' 20 nitwith its: surface ilifia a a st. he. we '5. and: w iti s ed e .4, c nere between he ab L and he wa t Thii achha i of ach o he su f-a e 3 and 3,8.may etonsisieredas a sho ldn; nea ea le, .a im s by ana n of e cket-in. he holder to, h d the t n ace; s tha t e bit may. he. qqnstruedi as. for d, to providet ght, such Sh9 lld6 1S-..

It is particularly to be note i hat he t ing point sros it earwa d r ii h'e c t in Points 5: n 311m. thelane of. t a of. t bit; and h a d cut n point. .,,Whi h i active position in Fig. 5,'lie's ahead of and outwar o u n point 3.0.... t s. also ton tedt at'substa tia lr hewhn ope ating 35 t e it i s. c t i d y l yz ntl. he. Wh e He i. ofi thohflld r 5, h u t -Ce t Of; theb tly ns iPQn. andomp e e y pm e ting. e u e most SurfiaQQ.-' 9 oi h h idefir. i n act, thetem chirally angularly related with the axis of the rod 4!, merging in a thin edge. lhe end surfaces of the chisel edge so formed are substantially triangular in shape, the surface Mi being characteristic, and those end surfaces merge with the chisel edge in cutting points, such as 45. The opposite end of the rod 6! is provided with a similar head having allochirally related surfaces, such as 41, meeting in an edge 58 which terminates in cutting points 49 and 56.

A holder, closely similar to the holder it, but modified merely to conform to the differences produced by the use of square stock in place of round stock, may be'associated with the bit 40 to hold the same in place on the block it.

In Figs.- 6- and 7 I have illustrated a somewhat diiferent form. of bit, comprising a rod 5| of rectangular stock having its ends flattened to form, at one end, allochirally angularly related surfaces, 52, and meeting in a thin edge, 54. It ts other. d. he. od. fla t n d. t p v d aueularly ela e surface and it. wh ch. me t n a t in ed e 51-.

. and sur ac s 53 ahdtfi. de by the 2'5 slit-f ce .2. and. are su stan ially rian u ar n le at on... but. a e. relieved mme ia e y d,- iacent the endsfof the edge 54., toform oppositely I i g utting points. 60. and 6. h'e.. suif .a 2. a d. 63. are sim ly e eved, t define oppas t y fa in ttin po tslit a d. 65. at. th

ele a i e ndof. the it.

In. F ghav illi stra ed a t llif lrther form f, b t, c mpris ng: a r di iti of rect n ular sto k. flattened at itsopposite endsin. a. manner similar to that. above described in. connection, with Fig. i. xtepti ha he, twoithini'c ise d es-hei a. common. plane incl di h ax s f'the ed- .5- hiis; ur ac s it and B1,. o s e y n ular y related to the axis. of the rod, cooperate with.

pettrilriiieetivewtting lies, ream-idly -al c iral sur aces, (not. snowmen the opposite beyond the r atmo en f.- the su face 39-. Thu he bi 2% r v d s a. un q e emp ate. n tratestiQn or he, h ds t6 ga ns abr sion. V

It s t be.- n ted that apnm ima y twoh rds. t, h a ia l ng o he bi pro ects, when. held.

n he; mann r ll strated in a. beyond th o t m s n t 0f h pensive i b19912. whereby the danger of abrasion upon the bit l ck is mate ally decitease l- W h ashertb uc asiuustrate full siz nthe r nal. dr w n r i r er a: ar Qt my present am licar. tion at nta l se a p o ec on. he uttin ne anda hal n heabeiw he Qu ermost. portion of he, t. b o k}; noted: that. hepecu iar onstructi n Q t and holding: means r sult n; he nqsitio ing t the bit with. the lowera q q ons. axisin advance of the. activewqrk ie, po t, '4 1 st.v s

m points 14 and I5.

.. sid f. he t o. for u ting ates. 6.8v 2 :1 5- rmina ng n utting. p ints I an t. and insia es. 1.2. and. ltl tj rmina ns ii t i In this construction I. hav eproyided, in my bit, and in my holden and, in. chain. block,,t he 'fnecessaryt strength of .the,.memb,ers and. the positive association neguired to. the. bitfirmly du n he cu t n qeerau n, but it will be noted that I have alsentr v d t k p; al and relatively; short, notwithstanding that I cause its active point to project at least 1- /2 inches. outward; from theblock, the necessity for It will. also, be 1 which, to avoid coring, etc., is; understood; by all:

versedin. the art. And; nay-flared chisel ends, being at least twice the body dimension of b t w perm t re abr s n.- at a hcut n 'p n Without nd-an rin th p ssibil y of liver-a blow withthe pi tmin r arwa d;

handle grip? as; the. blow is; delivered. ,Likewisg,

he lat r lly sposed: l w t'chisel end. of mit it,

lends: itself admirably 110: the imp e. ii it vei.

ners of the rectangular rod. 4.1:, and are allo,-- 7-5 cura ivand: no i ivenes o n a em nt. f ts -tirnins ur a s d n uttin .Andis co.- o er t nn wi h? t is ur se, my hol er si-iiaces en agin the bit are so, formed that, burrs: on the bit. arising from the cutting action, will not. interfere; with: setting my-bitfasswould. be, the ase ifrI' employed. a hole'or-socket in. holder n tead; of the simple. open contours I employ. Itwill also bev noted: how the. cutting point rearward: of'myactive cutting; point is. protected by being not only rearward but lower thanthe activepoint. i

I claim as myinvention:

1 As an articleof-manufacture, a four-pointed: cutter-bit comprising a metal piece formed toprovide a central rod portion of uniform cross section flattened equally at its opposite ends, the

flattened surfaces at each end converging from red thickness at their roots at equal angles to the axis of the rod to form a thin straight edge perpendicular to saidaxis, said two straight edges lying in planes perpendicular to each other and including said rod axis, and each of saidedges terminating in two oppositely facing cutting points.

2. A coal cutting bit formed to provide a pair of oppositely facing cutting points at each of its ends,the two cutting points at one end defining a line lying in a plane including the axis of said bit and perpendicular to the plane'including the axis of said bit and the line defined by the two cutting points at the opposite end of said bit.

3. A coal cutting bitformed toprovide a cenj tral rod and two flared end portions, each of said end portions terminating in two oppositely facin cutting points definin a line perpendicular to the axis of said rod, said two cuttingpoints at each end of said bit defining the termini of a line at least twice as long as the dimension of said rod parallel with said line, and each of-saidlines lying in a plane including said rod axis and perpendicular to the plane including the other of:

said lines and said rod axis.

,4. In a cutter chain a block having a socket, a

.bit holder having a head and having a shank rceived in said socket, said block bein formed ywith a transverse groove communicating with said socket but extending forwardly beyond said socket to define a floor bounded by an upstanding,

rearwardly facing wall, a bit having a portion engaged between said upstanding wall and said head, and means for retaining said holder in said socket. l

5. Ina cutter chain a block having a socket, a

bit holder having a head and having a shank receivedin said socket,said block being formed with a transverse groove communicating with said socket but extending forwardly beyond said socket to define a floor bounded by an upstanding, rearwardly facing wall, a bit having portions disposed in said groove and extendin laterally beyond said socket, certainparts of said bit,

firmly in place on said block, and means holding said holder againstmovement relative to said block.

7. In a mining machine chain, a. link block having a socket, a holder having a portion received in said socket, and a reversible bit, said bit being formed to provide a central stem portion and two opposite end portions, each of said end portions being shaped to provide two allochiral substantially triangular diverging surfaces, the bases of such triangular surfaces meeting in an edge terminating in oppositely-facing cutting points, and the apices thereof lying substantially,

in a common axial plane of said stem and being separated by the thickness of said stem, and each of said end portions further defining a pair of oppositely-facing-cutting faces, each of said cutting faces being bounded by a pair of such triangular diverging surfaces and therefore flaring from one of said cutting points to stem-thickness at its base, said oppositely-facin cutting faces, Converging toward each other from their cutting points to their bases, said holder being formed with a surface overlying a portion of one of said cutting faces and gripping the same between said including said last-mentioned portions, being gripped between said wall and said holder head, and means for retaining said holder in said socket. i l l 6. Ina mining machine chain, a link block having a socket, a holder having a portion received in said socket, and a reversible bit, said bit being formed to provide a central stemjportion', and two opposite end portions, each of said end portions being shaped to provide two allochiral and abit holder element and a four-pointed bit comprising a rod symmetrically formed at each opposite end with a pair of wide facesand a pair of narrow faces and two cutting points and four shoulders, said bit holder being surfaced to cooperatively engage at least one of said wide faces and at least two of said shoulders and the said rod, for securing said bit to said link.

9. In combination with a cutter chain, a link having a socket. a bit holder having a shank in said socket and a head extending outwardly therefrom, a four-pointed bit comprising a relatively small steel rod formed at each opposite end with at least two cutting points, twowide faces, two narrow faces, one edge in the plane of and at right angles to the rod axis, and four shoulders at, an angle to said axis and to said edge, said holder being surfaced to cooperatively engage at least one of said wide faces, at least two of said shoulders, and the said rod itself for securing said bit to said link with one point in active cutting posisubstantiallytriangular diverging surfaces, the

bases of suchtriangular surfaces meetingin an edge terminating in oppositely-facing cutting points and the apices thereof lying substantially in a common axial planeof said stem and bein separated by the thickness of said stem, and each of said end portions furtherdefining a pairof oppositely-facing cutting faces, each of said cutting faces being bounded bya pair of such trition, one point rearward of and below said active point, and one entire end together with a portion of said rod entirely outward of and clear of said cooperative'holder surfaces. l l

, 10.In combination with a cutter chain, a lin and a bit holder carried by said link, and a bit comprising a rod formed to define at each opposite end a pair ofcutting points resting in a line at right angles to and in the plane of the rod axis,

angular diverging surfaces and therefore flaring.

r from one of said cuttingpoints to stem-thickness at its ,j base, i said oppositely-facing cutting faces converging toward each other from their cutting points to their bases, said holder being formed with a surface overlying apertion of one of said,

said bit holder being surfaced to cooperate with I 1 an end of said bit to secure it to said link with said rod axis inclined rearwardly and outwardly from said link. i

FRANK L. FULKE.

cutting faces when another of said cutting faces is presented'in active position, to hold said bit 

